Fig. 5

Exosomes rescued the inhibition of proliferation and decrease the senescence-associated protein expression of BM-MSCs after irradiation. a Colony-forming ability of BM-MSCs after irradiation. Colony formation was assessed by staining with crystal violet. b Quantitative analysis of colony-forming units. Data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 3 independent experiments, t test). ***p < 0.001. c Western blot analysis of senescence-associated proteins, including Rb, P53, P21, and P16. d Percentage of SA-β-gal-positive cells under different treatments. Data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 10 independent experiments, t test). ***p < 0.001. e Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining