Fig. 1

HM-Exs improve ovarian reserve function of POI rats. A Representative nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) of NM-Exs and HM-Exs. B Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of NM-Exs and HM-Exs. C Western blot analysis of Exs positive marker proteins (CD9, CD63) in BMSCs, NM-Exs and HM-Exs. D Fluorescence localization of NM-Exs and HM-Exs in ovarian frozen sections. red: DiR-labeled Exs; blue: DAPI. E Flow Chart of rat experiment (n = 12). F Representative ovarian images at 14 days after NM-Exs/HM-Exs transplantation (n = 5). G H&E staining of ovarian sections. H Live births photos of each group. I Typical images of multiple fluorescence of rat ovaries. J Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of PCNA, Bcl-2, Casp-3 and Bax of rat ovaries. Full-length blots are presented in Supplementary Fig. 3