Table 1 Studies related to ovarian decellularization

Small tissue pieces

Rotated in 0.1% SDS at room temperature for 24 h

Bovine and human

Supports ovarian somatic cell growth

Initiates puberty in ovariectomized mice

[56]

1.5-mm-thick pieces

1% Triton X-100 for 9 h and 0.5% SDS for 3 h at room temperature with agitation (100 rpm); treated with 200 U/mL DNase I in PBS at 37 °C for 12 h

Bama miniature pigs

Non-cytotoxic for rat ovarian cells, supported rat granulosa cell penetration and estradiol (E2) secretion

Minimal immunogenic response in rats

[57]

Manageable strips

1% sodium lauryl ester sulfate (SLES) for 48 h, followed by DNase I in PBS for 24 h

Women

Suitable cytocompatibility of the scaffolds

Oocyte growth, folliculogenesis, and endocrine function (estradiol and progesterone) in rats

[58]

Tissue pieces

0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) for 18–24 h, followed by 24 h of 1 mg/mL DNase treatment and washing

Women

Supports survival of human follicles and growth of murine follicles, with 39% reaching antral stages

Follicular recovery rates after three-weeks grafting were low but similar for both human (25%) and murine follicles (21%)

[59]

Small pieces

0.5% SDS for 3 h, 1% Triton X-100 for 9 h, and 2% deoxycholate for 12 h

Gilts

Encouraged rapid cell adhesion and migration, with repopulating cells increasing in number and aggregating into cluster-like structures

-

[60]

Whole organ

Immersed in 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in deionized water for 3 h and incubated overnight in 1% Triton X-100 in deionized water

Porcine

porcine ovarian cells(pOCs) recellularize the ECM-based scaffold and survive for 7 days, verifying ECM-based scaffolds’ ability to properly drive and address cell differentiation

-

[61]

Pieces

Immersed and shaken in a combined solution of 2% sodium deoxycholate and 4% Triton X-100 for 36 h, with an exchange every 6 h. Followed by 36 h in 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate. Tissues were incubated in RNase/DNase solution (80 U/mL) for 6 h at 37 °C

Porcine

Scaffolds support GC survival for at least 15 days but might not sustain follicle growth for 7 days

Mainly caused an innate immune response in mice

[62]

Small pieces

Treated in a 0.69% tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane and 2.5 mM sodium deoxycholate solution at 50 rpm for 24 h

Porcine

Preantral follicles cultured in a biomimetic ovary, and embryos were generated from MII oocytes

-

[63]

Slices

Treated with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in 1× phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)

Bovine

Supports follicle growth and survival

-

[52]

Slices

Treated with 0.1% SDS and 0.02 M NaOH for 12 h

Bovine

No toxicity to human ovarian cells when cocultured for up to 72 h

-

[64]

Whole ovary

Submerged in liquid nitrogen for 10 h, treated with 0.5% SDS for 2 h, 1% Triton X-100 for 8 h, and 2% deoxycholic acid for 8 h. Rinsed with DI-H2O for 6 h, changing every 2 h to remove cell remnants

Porcine

Higher number of granulosa cells in vitro co-culture

-

[65]