Fig. 3

DW treatment mediates its immunomodulatory activity through TGF-β. SB431542 was used to inhibit TGF-β activity. It was added to the DW treated culture for 24 h and treated with Dex drug, DW and W for 24 h and checked for the frequency of A Tregs, B Bregs, C Th17, D DN T cells and E inflammatory neutrophils. The contour plots depict findings from an individual sample of 20 patients with SLE, and corresponding bar graphs are presented with a sample size of 20. Error bars show mean ± SD. p values indicate significant changes as follows: non-significant (ns) p > 0.05, *P < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 and ****P < 0.0001; One-way ANOVA