Fig. 4

Transplantation of epithelial mitochondria into gastric cancer cells inhibited gastric tumor growth in a tumor xenograft animal model (A) Experimental design and flowchart of the mouse xenograft models and mitochondrial treatment. MKN45 cells were pretreated with epithelial mitochondria for 24 h before tumor xenografting. (B) Experimental design and flowchart of mouse xenograft models and mitochondrial treatment. Xenograft tumors were treated with epithelial mitochondria once every 2 days. (C) Schematic of gastric tumor xenografts. (D) Body weight of each group. (E) Tumor growth curves of each group. (F) Gastric tumors harvested from each group. (G) The protein expression of YY-1, SOX2, NANOG, MCP-1, GRP78, NOTCH1, and PGC-1α in each group was analyzed via Western blotting. (H) Quantification of YY-1, SOX2, NANOG, MCP-1, GRP78, NOTCH1, and PGC-1α protein expression. (I) Protein expression of MCP-1 and YY-1. (J) Quantification of MCP-1 and YY-1. (K) Representative images of hematoxylin and eosin and IHC staining of Ki-67 or GRP78 in each group. (L) Representative IHC analysis of ki-67 staining in each group. (M) Representative IHC analysis of GRP78 in each group. The data are presented as the means ± SEMs; n ≥ 3 for independent experiments; two-tailed Student’s t test: **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.005