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Fig. 2 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 2

From: Assembly of MSCs into a spheroid configuration increases poly(I:C)-mediated TLR3 activation and the immunomodulatory potential of MSCs for alleviating murine colitis

Fig. 2

The assembly of MSCs into 3D spheroids and the application of poly(I:C) synergistically upregulate the expression of immunomodulation-related molecules. (a) Effects of spheroid formation and poly(I:C) treatment on the mRNA (n = 4) and (b) protein levels (n = 4) of TLR3 downstream effectors, as determined by qPCR and Western blotting, respectively. Full-length blots are presented in Supplementary Fig. 1b. (c) Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion by MSCs into the culture medium, as measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (n = 4). The data are represented as the means ± SDs. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s test was used to determine the p values. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.005; ****p < 0.001; ns, not significant

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Stem Cell Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1757-6512