Fig. 3

Left: The treatment of allergic rhinitis model mice with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. (A) the HE staining of nasal mucosa tissue sections of mice in each group. (B) the distribution of fluorescent cells obtained from the nasal mucosa tissue sections of mice in each group on the 3rd、7th、14th and 21st days after the transplantation of GFP-labeled hUCMSCs in mice of each group. Right: The treatment of allergic conjunctivitis model mice by subconjunctival injection of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells [33]. copyright © Kan XL et al. 2020 Right: (C) Changes in sneezing number and nose scratching number in the normal, model, and different mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) treatment groups of rats.(normal: untreated wild-type rats; model: ovalbumin (OVA)‐induced acute allergic rhinitis rat model; a.rats treated with MCSs once a week before allergic rhinitis (AR) rat model construction; b.rats treated with MCSs once a day after AR rat model construction; c.rats treated with MCSs weekly for 4 consecutive weeks after AR rat model construction) (D) Histological features of the nasal mucosa in the normal, model, and different mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) treatment groups of rats (haematoxylin and eosin staining; magnification, ×100). (E) Changes in cytokines in the serum of rats: After the establishment of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced acute allergic rhinitis in rats, treatment with mesenchymal stromal cells (MCS) four times can reduce the expression of interleukin 4 (IL-4), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the rats’ serum. Moreover, all three MCS treatment strategies can significantly decrease the level of TNF-α in the serum [20]. Copyright © 2017 The Authors Cell Biochemistry & Function Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd