Fig. 4

Pue promoted osteogenic differentiation but attenuated inflammation of the PD cell model through enhancing mitochondrial autophagy (A-D) Alizarin red staining along with ALP staining was adopted to detect the osteogenic differentiation ability of hPDLCs. n = 3. (E-G) ELISA was carried out to test pro-inflammatory factors in hPDLCs. n = 3. (H) Osteogenesis-related genes in hPDLCs were examined by qRT-PCR. n = 3. (I-J) TMRE staining combined with flow cytometry analysis was employed to monitor mitochondrial membrane potential changes in hPDLCs. n = 3. (K-L) Mitochondrial ROS level in hPDLCs was appraised by MitoSox Red staining combined with flow cytometry analysis. n = 3. * P < 0.05. ** P < 0.01. *** P < 0.001